The diamond tool material is divided into single crystal diamond (there are two natural and artificial two kinds, natural single crystal diamond prices are expensive, partially made single crystal diamond replacement), artificial polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and artificial polycrystalline diamonds and carbide composite blades (PCD / CC) and CVD diamonds.

    Single crystal diamond

    Single crystal diamonds are used as cutting tools must be large particles (mass greater than 0.1g, minimum diameter is not less than 3mm), mainly used for surface roughness, geometric precision and dimensional accuracy. Precision and superficial processing applications field.

    Natural single crystal diamond is the most abrasioned material in diamond. Itself is fine, after fine grinding, the cutting edge of the cutting edge can be small to 0.008 ~ 0.005 μm. However, natural single crystal diamonds are brittle, and their crystallization is anisotropy, different crystal hardness in different portions of different wafers, and the differential temperatures in different directions of the same crystal plane are different, and the appropriate direction must be selected when performing edging and use. Due to the harsh use conditions, plus natural single crystal diamond resources is limited, the price is very expensive, so most of the production of PCD, PCD / CC and CVD diamond tools are produced. Natural single crystal diamonds are mainly used in the production of certain non-ferrous metallic cutting or gold jewelery.

    The size, shape and performance of the artificial synthetic single crystal diamond has good consistency. Currently due to the increasingly mature high temperature and high pressure technology, it is possible to prepare a certain size of artificial synthetic single crystal diamond, especially when machining high wear-resistant layered wooden boards. Performance is better than PCD diamond, which will not cause oversome passivation.

    Artificial polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and artificial polycrystalline diamonds and carbide composite blades (PCD / CC)

    The PCD is at high temperature (about 1800 ° C), high pressure (5 ~ 6MPa), using a metal binding agent such as cobalt to polycrystallize a polycrystalline material, which is slightly lower than the single crystal diamond, but it is The aggregation of the randomly oriented diamond grain is an atomism, which can be arbitrarily oriented as a cutting tool, and there is no need to choose the best decision as a front knife surface as a natural diamond. At cutting, the cutting edge is not sensitive to unexpected damage, and the anti-wear ability is also strong. It can keep sharp cutting edges for a long time. When processing, high cutting speed and large back to eat the bladder (eat deep) The service life is generally higher than the WC base hard-working tool tool 10 ~ 500 times, and since the metal binding agent in the PCD has electrical conductivity, the PCD is easy to cut, and the raw material is rich, and the price is only a few quarters of natural diamond. To ten-sixth, it has become a high-performance alternative to traditional WC-based hard alloy tools.

    In order to improve the toughness and solderability of the PCD blade, it constitutes a diamond composite blade (PCD / CC) in the surface of the cemented carbide, sintering or pressing a layer of 0.5 to 1 mm thick. PCD / CC can be fabricated in a weld or a handle manner. Due to its good welding, the heavy mill is easy, the cost is low, so it is widely used. It should be noted that the sharpness of the cutting edge of the PCD and PCD / CC tools is not as good as single crystal diamond, and it can workability, the grinding ratio is small, and it is difficult to arbitrarily in accordance with the geometric shape of the cutter. Easily fabricate a complex product with a geometric shape such as a decontaminated blade and a fingering cutter.

    CVD diamond

    The CVD diamond is a high-resistance of pure diamond material without a binding agent, which is prepared under low pressure (<0.1 MPa). CVD diamonds mainly include CVD thin film coating (CD) and CVD thick film (TFD).

    The CD is a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) process, deposits a layer of thickness of about 10 to 30 μm in a carbide base (common K-class alloy), which is made of a polycrystalline film-shaped diamond.

    Because the substrate is easy to make a complex shape, it is suitable for a complicated tool, such as a tapered, drill bit, a vertical mill and a broken blade, and a blade. There is a CD tool product, such as Swedish Sandvik's CD1810 and KCD25 of Kennametal, USA, mainly used for high-speed precision machining of non-ferrous metals and non-metallic materials, tool life than uncoated hard alloy tools Raise nearly ten times or even ten times. However, the CD tool is not suitable for processing metal-specific composites, as the hard particles in the composite material are grinded in a layer of coating on the surface of the tool in a short period of time, so that although the price of the CD cutter is lower than the similar PCD tool, However, due to the smaller adhesion between the diamond film and the matrix material, it limits its wide application.